PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND NUTRACEUTICAL PROPERTIES OF Ceiba pentandraLEAVES, ROOT, AND STEM BARK

Abstract

The phytochemical, proximate and vitamin, obtained from Ceiba pentandra leaves, root and stem bark was investigated. The qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, coumarins, anthroquinones, phenols, glycosides, quinines, proteins, tannins, terpenoids, triterpenoid and alkaloids. The quantitative phytochemical analysis results showed that the leaves, stem bark and root contain alkaloid (7.4±1.00%), flavonoid (10.60±0.025), saponins (4.80±1.00%). Tannins (9.00±0.11%), phenols (8.10±2.00%), alkaloid (4.6 ±0.2), flavonoids (4.40±1.10), saponins (8.00±0.20), tannins (5.50±0.10), phenols (9.20±1.10), alkaloid (5.7±1.01), flavonoids (5.80±0.05), saponins (8.8±0.11%), tannins (5.8±0.12%), phenols (12.5±0.11) respectively. The result of the proximate composition of the leaves, root and stem bark are: moisture (15.20±0.01%, 13.00±1.00%, 13.53±0.12%),  Ash (6.30±1.02%, 2.30±0.02%, 9.40±0.11%), crude fibre (15.80±0.12%,  21.01±0.05%,  19.15±0.05%),  protein (13.10±0.03%,  7.65±0.05%,  10.97±1.60%),  lipids(2.85±0.11, 3%.02±0.12%, 1.35±0.60%), carbohydrates (47.75±0.13%, 52.02±1.10%, 45.06±1.00%) respectively. The result of the vitamins of Ceiba pentandra leaves as quantified with HPLC are Vitamin: C 0.7465736ug/ml, Vitamin B: 10.26573600ug/ml, Vitamin B2: 9.278400ug/ml, Vitamin A: 0.00562762ug/ml, Vitamin E: 0.0014129ug/ml. These results indicate that Ceiba pentandra is a rich source of phytochemicals and nutrients with significant nutraceutical potential, its leaves and roots, in particular as supplements to address protein and mineral deficiencies. Further research on these components could lead to the development of therapeutic or nutritional supplements.